SEARCH AND WILDFLOWER HOME PAGE YELLOW FLOWERS CONTACT US
Accurate identification of the several dozen species of Lomatium
is, according to Intermountain Flora, "notoriously
difficult.... Some species are highly variable...."
Both
fruits and flowers are often necessary for identification. Intermountain
Flora further observes that "the distinction between Cymopterus
and Lomatium is subject to failure". Ordinarily one or more of
the Cymopterus dorsal seed ribs have wings; Lomatium seed ribs do not have wings. "Cymopterus newberryi completely bridges the
difference. In this species the dorsal wings vary from nearly or
fully as large as the lateral ones to poorly developed or even
obsolete".
"Loma" is Greek for "border" and refers to the small wings of the fruit. The genus was named by Constantine Rafinesque in 1819. |
|
|
Lomatium latilobum
(Canyonlands Biscuitroot, Canyonlands Lomatium) Semi-desert, foothills.
Shrublands, canyons. Spring. Canyonlands Biscuitroot is a Southeast Utah/Western Colorado endemic found primarily in the Entrada and Navajo Sandstones of Arches National Park and Colorado National Monument. One-to-two inch diameter clusters of yellow flowers stand well above the dark green broadly lobed, pinnate leaves. This eye-catching plant is often solitary, standing out against sandy soils, commonly very close to sandstone fins and walls. The eye-catching mound of Lomatium latilobum in the photographs is about one and one half feet in diameter and a foot high. Such mounds stabilize soil and create micro-habitats. Roots of this and related species were dried and pounded into a flour, thus the common name "Biscuitroot". "Latilobum", meaning "broadly lobed", refers to the leaf lobes, especially as distinguished from the finely cut leaves of Lomatium parryi below. The first specimen of this plant was collected by Rydberg and Garrett in Grand County, Utah in 1911 and Rydberg named the plant Cynomarathrum latilobum and described it in 1913. Mathias renamed the plant Lomatium latilobum in 1931. |
|
|
Lomatium latilobum
(Canyonlands Biscuitroot, Canyonlands Lomatium) Semi-desert, foothills.
Shrublands, canyons. Spring. |
|
|
Lomatium latilobum
(Canyonlands Biscuitroot, Canyonlands Lomatium) Semi-desert, foothills.
Shrublands, canyons. Spring. |
Lomatium
parryi (Parry's Biscuitroot, Parry's Lomatium) Semi-desert, foothills.
Shrublands, canyons. Spring. |
Lomatium
parryi (Parry's Biscuitroot, Parry's Lomatium) Semi-desert, foothills.
Shrublands, canyons. Spring. Since umbels of golden yellow flowers are quite common in the Lomatium and Cymopterus genera, we might at first despair in our attempts to identify the plant at left, but note the distinguishing very finely cut, fern-like leaves, the persistence of leaves from previous years, the height often to over a foot tall, and the (sometimes) red flower stems. Location and blooming time also help to separate the species in the Lomatium and Cymopterus genera. More distinguishing characteristics are noted below. Charles Parry was a 19th century physician and eminent botanical collector for whom a number of species shown in this web site are named. He collected the first specimen of this plant in Utah, probably in the 1870s. (More biographical information about Parry.) |
||
Lomatium
parryi (Parry's Biscuitroot, Parry's Lomatium) Semi-desert, foothills.
Shrublands, canyons. Spring. |
||
|
Lomatium
parryi (Parry's Biscuitroot, Parry's Lomatium) Semi-desert, foothills.
Shrublands, canyons. Spring. Leaves are divided into fine, pointed leaflets; leaf stems persist for several seasons; bractlets of the involucels can be entire (as here) or divided; flowers fade from yellow to white. |
|
|
Lomatium
parryi ( Parry's Biscuitroot, Parry's Lomatium) Semi-desert, foothills.
Shrublands, canyons. Spring. Seeds are numerous and showy. |
Range map © John Kartesz,
County Color Key
|
Range map for Lomatium latilobum Range map for Lomatium parryi |