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    See also Draba aurea and Noccaea fendleri.

    Research published in 2012 by Brassicaceae expert, Al-Shehbaz indicates that the two species below should be placed in the genus Tomostima which differs from Draba, according to Al-Shehbaz, "by having two types of flowers: those produced early in the growing season are chasmogamous [flowers open before fertilization] and have petals and large anthers 0.2-0.4 mm long, whereas those produced late in the season are cleistogamous [flowers self-fertilize without opening], apetalous and have reduced anthers ca. 0.05 mm long. By contrast Draba species produce the same type of flowers (chasmogamous, petaliferous) throughout the season".

Tomostima cuneifolia

This fabulous 1 inch tall Tomostima cuneifolia was typical of the myriad of plants that so robustly grew after the abundance of moisture from the winter of 2018-2019. Leaves and flowers are so thick that the stem does not show.

Draba cuneifolia

For the first several weeks of growth, Tomostima cuneifolia basal leaves and flowers are so inconspicuous that they often go unnoticed.  But mature flowering plants, especially in their common masses, are noticeable and very attractive.

Draba cuneifolia

Tomostima cuneifolia. Synonym: Draba cuneifolia. (Wedge-leaf Stonecress)
Brassicaceae (Mustard Family)

Semi-desert.  Shrublands, woodlands, openings. Spring.
Canyons de Chelly National Monument, March 26, 2007 and
Canyons of the Ancients National Monument, May 26, 2011.

The seed pods often catch your eye more than the flowers do.

Draba cuneifolia

Draba cuneifolia

Tomostima cuneifolia. Synonym: Draba cuneifolia. (Wedge-leaf Stonecress)
Brassicaceae (Mustard Family)

Semi-desert.  Shrublands, woodlands, openings. Spring. 
Canyons of the Ancients National Monument, March 27, 2005 and April 21, 2016.

Tiny can be terrific.  Early spring in the semi-desert country of the Four Corners finds carpets of Tomostima cuneifolia in Pinyon/Juniper forests.  Tomostima cuneifolia is easily confused with Noccaea fendleri but a close look shows clear differences: notice especially T. cuneifolia's wedge-shaped basal leaves, nearly leafless flower stem, shorter height, and elliptical seed pods.

The Draba genus was named by Linnaeus in 1753 and Draba cuneifolia was named by Thomas Nuttall in 1838 from a specimen collected in Kentucky by Professor C. W. Short.  (Professor Short was honored by William Jackson Hooker as one of the two best botanical collectors from whom he had received specimens.  See the fifth paragraph in the biographical entry about David Townsend, the other collector honored by Hooker). Research published by Al-Shehbaz in 2012 placed this species in the genus Tomostima.  

"Draba", Greek for "acrid", was a name applied to similar Mustards known to the Greeks thousands of years ago.  "Cune" is Latin for "wedge", referring to the leaf shape. I cannot yet find the meaning of "Tomostima".

Draba cuneifolia
Tomostima cuneifolia. Synonym: Draba cuneifolia. (Wedge-leaf Stonecress)
Brassicaceae (Mustard Family)

Semi-desert.  Shrublands, woodlands, openings. Spring.
Canyons of the Ancients National Monument, March 27, 2007.

As the above left photograph with the ruler shows, basal leaves glisten as if they were glabrous (smooth), but as the photograph at left shows, they glisten because of the bright reflection of light from hundreds of tiny stellate (starburst-like, branched) hairs.  You can best see the stellate shape of the hairs at the upper and lower right edges of the leaves. Also see the hairs at the edge of the leaves in the last two photographs below of Tomostima reptans.

Also notice the slight notch, like a tiny thumb on a mitten, on the leaves -- especially apparent on the two larger leaves at three and six o'clock. As discussed below, these tiny notches are one of several key characteristics that separate Tomostima cuneifolia from its look-alike cousin, Tomostima reptans.

Draba cuneifolia
Tomostima cuneifolia. Synonym: Draba cuneifolia. (Wedge-leaf Stonecress)
Brassicaceae (Mustard Family)

Semi-desert.  Shrublands, woodlands, openings. Spring.
Canyons of the Ancients National Monument, March 27, 2005.

Below a fluff of white flowers, green seeds emerge.

 

Draba reptans
Tomostima reptans. Synonym: Draba reptans. (Carolina Whitlow Grass, Carolina Stonecress)
Brassicaceae (Mustard Family)

Semi-desert.  Shrublands, woodlands, openings. Spring.
Canyons of the Ancients National Monument, May 8, 2007.

Tomostima reptans is very similar to Tomostima cuneifolia in size, flower and seed appearance, most hairiness, and habitat. See below for differences.

This species was at first named Arabis reptans by Lamarck in 1783. Fernald renamed it Draba reptans in 1934 and Al-Shehbaz changed it to Tomostima reptans in 2012. "Reptans" is from the Latin for "crawling".

Draba reptans
Tomostima reptans. Synonym: Draba reptans. (Carolina Whitlow Grass, Carolina Stonecress)
Brassicaceae (Mustard Family

Semi-desert.  Shrublands, woodlands, openings. Spring.
Canyons of the Ancients National Monument, May 8, 2007.

A number of subtle characteristics help separate Tomostima reptans from Tomostima cuneifolia
1) The Flora of North America gives one key characteristic: "The rachises and pedicels of D. reptans are usually glabrous (rarely with a few isolated trichomes); those of D. cuneifolia are always densely pubescent". 
2) Draba reptans' basal leaves are most often not notched whereas the basal leaves of D. cuneifolia leaves are often notched.
3) The seed pods of D. reptans are grouped fairly tightly in a nearly vertical posture; the pods of D. cuneifolia are in a more open, spreading posture.
4) The upper portion of the stem of D. reptans is usually glabrous versus the hairiness of the upper portion of the stem of D. cuneifolia.
5) The seed pods of D. reptans are rarely over 2 millimeters wide; those of D. cuneifolia are often over 2 mm wide.
6) The seed pods of D. reptans are up to 20 mm long; those of D. cuneifolia do not exceed 15 mm in length.

Draba reptans

Draba reptans

Draba reptans

Tomostima reptans. Synonym: Draba reptans. (Carolina Whitlow Grass, Carolina Stonecress)
Brassicaceae (Mustard Family

Semi-desert.  Shrublands, woodlands, openings. Spring.
Canyons of the Ancients National Monument, April 9, 2012 and April 18, 2010.

Range map © John Kartesz,
Floristic Synthesis of North America

State Color Key

Species present in state and native
Species present in state and exotic
Species not present in state

County Color Key

Species present and not rare
Species present and rare
Species extirpated (historic)
Species extinct
Species noxious
Species exotic and present
Native species, but adventive in state
Eradicated
Questionable presence

Range map for Draba cuneifolia

Range map for Draba reptans